Jeevaraj Jain Granthamala

Indrabhooti Gautama, the Principal disciple of Mahaveera, the 24th Teerthankara composed his speech in the form of Dwadashanga Shruta the knowledge of which reached Acharya Dharasena through Acharya tradition. He taught Bhootabali Acharya and Pushpadanta Acharya some portions of 12th Anga included in Drishtivada and some portions of 5th Anga Vyakhyaprajnapti. They composed Satkarmapahuda in 6000 aphorisms at about the 7th century after Veera-nirvana. It came to be known as Shathandagama. It is said that its commentaries were written by Kundakunda, Shamakunda, Tumbuloor, Samantabhadra and Bappadeva respectively, but these commentaries are not available now. Its last commentator was Veerasenacharya, who completed the compesition of his commentary Dhawala on the 13 the day in the moonlit half of the lunar month of Kartika. This commentary contains 72000 couplets.

In the first portion of Dhawala there is special description of Satpraroopana i.e. Jeevasamasas and Marganas, in addition to the history of Dvadashanga and composition of the book. The language of aphorisms is entirely Prakrit. There are 221 verses of previous acharyas cited here and there out of which only 17 are in Sanskrit and the rest are in Prakrit. One third of the commentary is in Prakrit and the rest is in Sanskrit.

All this Prakrit is almost the same Shauraseni in which the works of Acharyas like Kundakunda are written. The Style of both Prakrit and Sanskrit is very beautiful, refined and mature.

1) Jeevatthana : The name of the first section of Shatkhandas is ‘Jeevatthana.’ Indluded in it are 8 Anuyogadvaras like Sat, Sankhya, Kshetra, Sparshana, Kala, Antara, Bhava and Alpabahutva. Besides these there are nine choolikas such as Prakriti Samutkeertana, Sthanasamutkeertana three Mahadandakas, Jaghanyasthiti, Utkrishtasthiti, Samyaktvotpatti and Gati-Agati. The Author of Dhavala has said that the quantity of this section is 8000 verses (Page60). Having taken refuge in Gunasthanas and Marganas in above said 8 Anuyogadvaras and nine choolikas elaborate description is made here.

2) Khuddabandha : Khuddabandha is the name of the second section. It contains eleven chapters : Swamitwa, Kala, Antara, Bhangavichaya, Dravya- Pramananugama, Kshetranugama, Sparshanugama, Nana-Jeeva-Kala, Nana-Jeeva-Antara, Bhagabha-ganugama and Alpabahutvanugama. In this section, the description of the living being that does the act of binding Karmas is made along with the kinds of Karmabandha, through these eleven chapters.

3) Bandhaswamitva : Tha name of the third section is Bandhasvamitva vichaya. This section describes the topics in connection with the binding of Karmas from the view point of the soul that binds Karmas. The topics discussed here are as follows :- How many Prakritis are bound to which souls, to what extent, which souls are not bound, how many prakritis in which Gunasthana fall a prey to Vyuchchhitti vichaya, the number of svodaya bandharoopa and Parodaya bandharoopa prakritis.

4) Vedana : The name of the fourth section is Vedana. This section once again begins with a benedictory verse. Kriti and Vedana, Anuyogadvaras come under this section. But an account of the predominance and greater span of the narration of Vedana, this section is named as Vendana Khanda. In Kriti, the Kriti of Samghatana and parishatanaroopa kriti of five bodies such as Audarika etc. and Nokriti and Avaktavyaroopa samkhyas of souls which are in Prathama and Aprathams Samaya of Bhava are described. Kriti is of seven kinds : Nama, Sthapana, Dravya, Ganana, Grantha, Karana and Bhava. Out of these Ganana Kriti is said to be main in this section. In Vedana Khanda, Vedana is described through 16 chapters such as Nikshepa, Naya, Nama, Dravya, Kshetra, Kala, Bhava, Pratyaya, Svamitva, Vadana, Gati, Anantara, Sannikarsha Parimana, Bhaganugama and Alpabahutvanugama.

This Section is said to have 16000 padas. Evam veyana-appaabahugaaniogaddaare samatte Veyanaa Khandam Samattaa (Khando Samatto).

5) Vargana : The name of the fifth section is Vargana. In this section, besides vargana Adhikara coming under Bandhaneeya, the Anuyogadvaras like Sparsha, Karma, Prakriti and Bandha the first variety of bandhana are included.

Having described sparshas of 13 kinds such as Nikshepa, Naya etc. through 16 chapters in sparasha, the purpose of Karma-sparsha is told in this section.

In Karma ten Kinds of Karma such as Naama, Sthaapana, Dravya, Prayoga, Samavadhana, Adhah, Iryapatha, Tapa, Kriya and Bhava are described through the above-said 16 chapters.

In Prakriti, having mentioned that Sheela and Svabhava are the synonyms of Prakriti, Karma-dravya Prakriti from among the 4 kinds namely Nama, Sthaapana, Dravya and Bhava is elaborately described through the above said 16 chapters. The main chapter of this section is Bandhaneeya, which contains the description of 23 kinds of Varganas and out of them the Varganas that are suitable for Karmabandha are elaborately described.

Indrabhooti Gautama, the Principal disciple of Mahaveera, the 24th Teerthankara composed his speech in the form of Dwadashanga Shruta the knowledge of which reached Acharya Dharasena through Acharya tradition. He taught Bhootabali Acharya and Pushpadanta Acharya some portions of 12th Anga included in Drishtivada and some portions of 5th Anga Vyakhyaprajnapti. They composed Satkarmapahuda in 6000 aphorisms at about the 7th century after Veera-nirvana. It came to be known as Shathandagama. It is said that its commentaries were written by Kundakunda, Shamakunda, Tumbuloor, Samantabhadra and Bappadeva respectively, but these commentaries are not available now. Its last commentator was Veerasenacharya, who completed the compesition of his commentary Dhawala on the 13 the day in the moonlit half of the lunar month of Kartika. This commentary contains 72000 couplets.

In the first portion of Dhawala there is special description of Satpraroopana i.e. Jeevasamasas and Marganas, in addition to the history of Dvadashanga and composition of the book. The language of aphorisms is entirely Prakrit. There are 221 verses of previous acharyas cited here and there out of which only 17 are in Sanskrit and the rest are in Prakrit. One third of the commentary is in Prakrit and the rest is in Sanskrit.

All this Prakrit is almost the same Shauraseni in which the works of Acharyas like Kundakunda are written. The Style of both Prakrit and Sanskrit is very beautiful, refined and mature.

1) Jeevatthana : The name of the first section of Shatkhandas is ‘Jeevatthana.’ Indluded in it are 8 Anuyogadvaras like Sat, Sankhya, Kshetra, Sparshana, Kala, Antara, Bhava and Alpabahutva. Besides these there are nine choolikas such as Prakriti Samutkeertana, Sthanasamutkeertana three Mahadandakas, Jaghanyasthiti, Utkrishtasthiti, Samyaktvotpatti and Gati-Agati. The Author of Dhavala has said that the quantity of this section is 8000 verses (Page60). Having taken refuge in Gunasthanas and Marganas in above said 8 Anuyogadvaras and nine choolikas elaborate description is made here.

2) Khuddabandha : Khuddabandha is the name of the second section. It contains eleven chapters : Swamitwa, Kala, Antara, Bhangavichaya, Dravya- Pramananugama, Kshetranugama, Sparshanugama, Nana-Jeeva-Kala, Nana-Jeeva-Antara, Bhagabha-ganugama and Alpabahutvanugama. In this section, the description of the living being that does the act of binding Karmas is made along with the kinds of Karmabandha, through these eleven chapters.

3) Bandhaswamitva : Tha name of the third section is Bandhasvamitva vichaya. This section describes the topics in connection with the binding of Karmas from the view point of the soul that binds Karmas. The topics discussed here are as follows :- How many Prakritis are bound to which souls, to what extent, which souls are not bound, how many prakritis in which Gunasthana fall a prey to Vyuchchhitti vichaya, the number of svodaya bandharoopa and Parodaya bandharoopa prakritis.

4) Vedana : The name of the fourth section is Vedana. This section once again begins with a benedictory verse. Kriti and Vedana, Anuyogadvaras come under this section. But an account of the predominance and greater span of the narration of Vedana, this section is named as Vendana Khanda. In Kriti, the Kriti of Samghatana and parishatanaroopa kriti of five bodies such as Audarika etc. and Nokriti and Avaktavyaroopa samkhyas of souls which are in Prathama and Aprathams Samaya of Bhava are described. Kriti is of seven kinds : Nama, Sthapana, Dravya, Ganana, Grantha, Karana and Bhava. Out of these Ganana Kriti is said to be main in this section. In Vedana Khanda, Vedana is described through 16 chapters such as Nikshepa, Naya, Nama, Dravya, Kshetra, Kala, Bhava, Pratyaya, Svamitva, Vadana, Gati, Anantara, Sannikarsha Parimana, Bhaganugama and Alpabahutvanugama.

This Section is said to have 16000 padas. Evam veyana-appaabahugaaniogaddaare samatte Veyanaa Khandam Samattaa (Khando Samatto).

5) Vargana : The name of the fifth section is Vargana. In this section, besides vargana Adhikara coming under Bandhaneeya, the Anuyogadvaras like Sparsha, Karma, Prakriti and Bandha the first variety of bandhana are included.

Having described sparshas of 13 kinds such as Nikshepa, Naya etc. through 16 chapters in sparasha, the purpose of Karma-sparsha is told in this section.

In Karma ten Kinds of Karma such as Naama, Sthaapana, Dravya, Prayoga, Samavadhana, Adhah, Iryapatha, Tapa, Kriya and Bhava are described through the above-said 16 chapters.

In Prakriti, having mentioned that Sheela and Svabhava are the synonyms of Prakriti, Karma-dravya Prakriti from among the 4 kinds namely Nama, Sthaapana, Dravya and Bhava is elaborately described through the above said 16 chapters. The main chapter of this section is Bandhaneeya, which contains the description of 23 kinds of Varganas and out of them the Varganas that are suitable for Karmabandha are elaborately described.